Computer Literacy Basics Isbn# 13:1-1

Computers in the early 1950s and sixtiesThere were cardinal genesiss of electronic compute devices developed in the 1950s and 1960s - the so-called maiden generation and bit-generation ready reck binglersThe initiatory generation of figurers started approximately in the deeply 1940s . The classifiable characteristic of these computing machines is their electromechanical mechanisms and being partly programmable . Computers employ the ergodic access retrospect (RAM ) argon overwhelmd in this generation . In terms of coat , these are physically smaller than Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC . They are the size of a mammoth piano and social occasion only when 2 ,500 electron tubes , whereas ENIAC uses 18 ,000 . different computers in this stem of computers include the following (The biography o f Computing ProjectManchester MARK-I - This type of computer is historically significant due to its inclusion of what is called an index register in its arc chargeecture . This was similarly the platform on which high aim computer addresss alike(p) the Autocode was developedEDVAC - This type of computer is binary (unlike its trumpeter swan ENIAC which is decimal . It can perform robotlike addition , insinuation multiplication , programmed division , as well as automatic rifle checking with a reposition capacity of 1 ,000 44-bit words . In its development , this was later set to 1 ,024 words (in original times , this memory capacity is equivalent to 5 .5 kbUNIVAC - this is the offshoot American commercial computer and was use initially for shortstop letter and administrative use (primarily for efficient and fast act of large itemizes but basically simple arithmetic UNIVACs computed against punch-card machinesOthers - German engineers Z3 computer which was used to design airplanes and missiles Colossus , a ! code-breaking computer from the UK and an all-electronic calculator designed by a Harvard engineer to hit ballistic charts for the U .S . NavyThe common characteristic of this generation of computers is the attendee that they are specifically made for oneness , and only one , specific purpose They have different binary-coded program (machine style ) which limits its versatility and speedA significant development in the world of computing occurred in 1948 This is the invention of transistor , which was first applied to a computer in 1956 . This new invention when used in go magnetic-core memory resulted to smaller , faster , to a greater extent than reliable , and more nix efficient computers . This application defined the start of secondment generation computers . Examples of second generation computers are the followingIBM Stretch (aka IBM 7030 data Processing System ) - This has driven advances in legion(predicate) contain up computer technologies like core memory , transistor turn design , and circuit packaging . This has also pioneered many features like interrupts , memory error detection and correction , memory interleaving , memory protection , multiprogramming , pipelining , immediate operands , instruction prefetch , operand prefetch , unfit execution write buffer , and result forwarding (Computer History MuseumLARC (Livermore nuclear Research Computer ) - this was developed for government s move on inquiry purposes . One was created for Lawrence Radiation Labs in Livermore , CA , for use in atomic explore , and another was installed at the David Taylor get drainage basin , which later became the Naval Ships Research and using Center (BookRags , 2007The two computers mentioned above were both for atomic energy research They could dole out enormous amounts of data . further , due to expensive hail , this was never used for the hush-hush business sector . Other commercially manufactured computers were used in business , univer sities and also government for the rest of 1960s . St! arting 1965 , a number of large firms processed their fiscal data by using computersWorks citedBookRags . look accessed : August 26 , 2007 http /www .bookrags .com /research /larc-livermore-atomic-research-comp-wcs brComputer History Museum . find accessed : August 26 , 2007 http / muniment .computerhistory .org /stretchThe History of Computing Project . Date accessed : August 26 , 2007 http /www .thocp .net1940s - previous(predicate) 1950s : First times Computers . Date accessed : August 26 , 2007 http /world-information .org /wio /infostructure /3 /8 brLate 1950s - Early 1960s : Second Generation Computers . Date accessed August 26 , 2007 http /world-information .org /wio /infostructure /3 /9 ?opmode contentsPAGEPAGE 3 ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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